Predictions of MOE were then made by substituting measurements of ρg for values predicted by five different models.
To normalize the t1/2 values of a given peptide/MHCII complex, we define the effect of each substitution as the ratio of the substituted measurement over that of the DR1/wtHA value (Δt1/2).
This work shows the feasibility of using data-based empirical models to perform fault detection and substitute faulty measurements with predictions and to perform control reconfiguration in the presence of actuator failure in a real system.
The binding affinities of these negative sequences are not always available, so we use some value below the lowest binding affinity among all bound sequences, as the substitute of measurements.
Although intratumoural blood flow measured by PCT may add valuable information on tumour grade, the method cannot substitute quantitative measurements of blood flow by PET and O-H2O PET in brain tumours.
Elimination of GDP as a measurement of societal success, substituting alternative measurements for human wellbeing and the wellbeing of the natural world.
And like all technologies, the devices -- including motion sensors, pill compliance detectors and wireless devices that transmit data on blood pressure, weight, oxygen and glucose levels -- may have unintended consequences, substituting electronic measurements for face-to-face contact with doctors, nurses and family members.
Moreover, the calculation results of the force F Z, a) in Eq. (5) are plotted, which are calculated by substituting the measurements of Z and a into F Z, a).
The calculated forces is calculated by substituting the measurements of Z and a into F Z, a) of Eq. (6); R = 0.2076 m, k = 10.5 kN/m, and E * = 2.67 MPa with an RMSE between F Z, a) and F was 0.6 mN.
However, the single-item measure used for general stress perception has been satisfactorily validated by Elo et al. [ 38] and can substitute longer measurement scales without any particular concern.
Can the results obtained by Rivers and cowokers [ 1] be replicated even when less invasive forms of monitoring (e.g. esophageal Doppler-based estimates of cardiac output and preload responsiveness) are substituted for measurements of ScvO2?
