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There were also statements regarding mental impairment in some journals; in a previous study [ 10], substitute consent was not regarded as appropriate for subjects with impaired judgment.
Similarly, statements regarding substitute consent were found most frequently in pediatrics journals (29.0%), and least frequently in genetics and heredity journals (10.9%).
One journal stated that substitute consent is not valid for subjects with impaired judgment, as the benefits to them are unclear or uncertain.
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Journalists can, and do, get into legal trouble for copying and pasting other people's work – and merely giving credit ("Courtesy of Associated Press") in no way substitutes for consent.
The CRNs described a vulnerable population with many clients unable to give consent, substitute decision-makers difficult to access and some clients with no substitute decision makers.
However, 45% agreed that these exercises were a reasonable substitute for patient consent and 49% would attend a community meeting.
In pediatrics, the issues might include such things as patient age precluding truly informed consent, substitute decision making by the parents, or the issue of patient assent versus consent [ 1].
Respondents were also asked if they regarded community consultation and public notification as a reasonable substitute for patient consent, although within the FDA regulations this is not the intention.
If the injury is irretrievable, discussions would then focus on extending ventilation for potential brain death/organ donation if a prior wish to donate is known or if the substitute decision maker consents.
Informed consent or substitute for it was obtained from all patients for being included in the study.
Even after such approval is obtained, basic questions still remain for researchers and REBs alike: Can substitute decision-makers legitimately consent to research on behalf of a critically ill patient?
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com