Sentence examples for substantively biased from inspiring English sources
Results in Tables 4 and 6 suggest that the observed associations do not differ between children living with parents and non-parents, thus it is unlikely that differential attrition between children residing with biological parents versus other children substantively biased our estimates.
However, the absence of any differences between early and late respondents on questions related to perceived effectiveness and mammography recommendations suggests that nonresponse did not substantively bias our key findings.
According to the Cochrane Collaboration, 'low' means any bias is unlikely to substantively alter a study's results, 'unclear' means the bias causes doubts about the results, and high means the bias is likely to threaten the validity of the results.
Negative affectivity that may act as a source of common method bias (CMB) can substantively influence the relationship between stressors and psychophysical strain [ 54, 55].
We have no reasons to expect that cognitive biases proposed as mechanisms by which exposure to these interventions may influence food selection and consumption (for example, 'unit bias') will differ substantively between people living in high-income countries (HICs) and those living in LMICs (see How the intervention might work).
Our results indicate that there is no evidence of substantively important invariance, suggesting no evidence of problems with bias or differences in measurement properties when employed in a diverse sample of middle school adolescents.
In our own conclusions about the changing penalty, we are implicitly assuming that any endogeneity bias in the estimated overeducation penalty did not substantively change between the two periods.12.12
In contrast to the heterogeneity in results by health outcome, the results of the sensitivity analysis omitting patients with rhinitis alone were not substantively different from the main results, indicating that this subgroup did not bias the key findings.
(To protect against the introduction of bias, all analyses will evaluate whether excluding the investigator-participant data substantively influences the observed findings).
