However, in our ordinary ways of thinking, practical necessities are substantive and contingent pressures (in our earlier example, the demands of wartime, as experienced by a state).
Photograph: Jim Watson/AFP/Getty It's reasonable to suspect that the modifications to the N.S.A.'s telephone-metadata program that Obama announced on Friday are simply cosmetic changes meant to short-circuit the pressure for substantive reform.
It's reasonable to suspect that the modifications to the N.S.A.'s telephone-metadata program that Obama announced on Friday are simply cosmetic changes meant to short-circuit the pressure for substantive reform.
By Ryan Lizza January 17 , 2014It's reasonable to suspect that the modifications to the N.S.A.'s telephone-metadata program that Obama announced on Friday are simply cosmetic changes meant to short-circuit the pressure for substantive reform.
Netanyahu had been warned by the visiting Norwegian foreign minister, Børge Brende, on Wednesday to expect a fresh wave of international pressure over making substantive progress towards a two-state solution once the Iran deadline ha dpassed.
While reassuring his visitor that he would insist on substantive concessions before relaxing the pressure on Tehran, Obama avoided any mention of a timetable or "red lines", or of any specific steps that Iran must take.
The Obama administration has resisted pressure to make substantive changes to the law, arguing that the program is beginning to work.
He will need to resist those pressures and choose substantive, innovative proposals that stand the best chance of improving the schools.
To effect substantive change, Hispanics must unite to pressure the industry for it.
Agency Director John Brennan didn't review the document for months; when he finally did, under pressure from the committee, he demanded substantive changes.
