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But Mr. Edwards belittled the new cabinet department, describing it as "more of a political achievement for the administration than a substantive achievement for America's security".
After a first year in office devoid of substantive achievement, Washington insiders say the president must show he is ready to fight, to get down and dirty, to drop his professorial aloofness and get publicly passionate and angry about the things he believes in.
The essentials are true: a hard-luck background, serious obstacles, personal striving, substantive achievement.
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But Congresses past — both Republican- and Democratic-controlled — have made substantive achievements in the week before the summer break.
But for all his influence, the vice president seems destined to be remembered as much for his political shortcomings as for his substantive achievements.
Improved atmospherics, however, cannot hide the fact that the only substantive achievements of the diplomatic process so far – a freeze on key parts of Iran's nuclear development in exchange for a freeze on further sanctions – are reversible.
His substantive achievements are still open to question, but he really has succeeded in pushing a philosophical reorientation of American domestic politics — tentatively in 2008, explicitly in 2012, and triumphantly in Monday's address — that neither Bill Clinton nor George W. Bush ever really attempted.
Offered a choice between a path-breaking ethical visionary and three political leaders with a variety of very substantive achievements to their names (Attlee – freedom for India, Bevan – the NHS, Castle – equal pay for women), Labour delegates delivered a landslide for the ancient visionary.
Anyway, congrats to the Bush administration for taking out a dictator who had the military capacity of occasionally microwaving a burrito, in lieu of actual substantive achievements against terrrorists.
When one party has made explicit that its primary goal is to block nearly anything proposed by a sitting president and, further, to undo substantive achievements to date -- when revenge requires all Republican senators and representatives to adhere to that primary goal -- then seeking agreement is seen as a contradiction.
On this view, his major milestones to date – his apology to the "stolen generations", his commitment to the Kyoto protocol, his abandonment of the "Pacific Solution" for refugees – have been largely symbolic and reflect an absence of substantive policy achievements.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com