Each XE that we studied produced PRL release during the first 15 min of application, but most elicited a significant response by 1 min. Dose response curves revealed intermediate inactive doses, as we (Bulayeva and Watson 2004; Watson et al. 1999b) and others (Picotto et al. 1996) have previously observed, although we still do not have a substantiated explanation for such response gaps.
Key results are the observed influence of an entrainment wave on the transient flame behavior, model-substantiated explanations for the high-intensity OH* lobes at the lift-off length and differences with OH PLIF, and a general analogy of the flame structures with a spray cone along which the flame tends to locate for the applied parametric variations.
Ayala explains that evolution is a "theory" in a scientific manner of speaking, in that it is "a well-substantiated explanation of some aspect of the natural world that incorporates observations, facts, laws, inferences, and tested hypotheses" (p. 17).
When someone has understood the NOS they know that according to the 1998 edition of the U.S. National Academy of Sciences' (NAS 1998) a theory is "a well-substantiated explanation of some aspect of the natural world that can incorporate facts, laws, and tested hypotheses".
By contrast, a theory in science, again following the definition given by the NAS, is "a well-substantiated explanation of some aspect of the natural world that can incorporate facts, laws, inferences, and tested hypotheses".
A scientific theory is a well-substantiated explanation of some aspect of the natural world that is acquired through the scientific method and repeatedly confirmed through observation and experimentation.
Facts and laws are insufficient for a deeper understanding of gravitation; to achieve this requires a testable, substantiated, comprehensive explanation that is consistent with all known facts about gravity in other words, a theory.
There has to be a substantiated, thought-through explanation of how that connects to the candidate's own motivations.
The latest duplication is, however, only a substantiated hypothesis; an alternative explanation, disfavored by the majority of evidence, is that the duplication is an artifact of incorrect genome assembly.
A book needs a more substantial and substantiated theme than this.
