Many studies of childhood depressive symptoms have reported estimates of genetic aetiology substantially lower for high depression scores than for scores within the normal range [ 13, 14, 38].
Measures of genetic diversity were substantially lower in one population from Brazil (G eneland Cluster 6), one population from Spain (G eneland Cluster 4), and the South African population (G eneland Cluster 13).
For the nuclear SSRs study, however, the among population genetic variation estimations were substantially lower and differed depending on the method used.
Furthermore, sire models are commonly used for reaction norm models, because of their substantially lower computational burden compared to animal models and genetic information about environmental sensitivity typically comes from paternal half-sibs that perform in different environments.
So if a child is expressing a specific trait, it is more likely due to genetic factors, as the environmental component is substantially lower.
This is not likely the primary reason as the frequency of negative genetic interactions among transcription factor genes appears substantially lower than genes encoding other types of proteins (Costanzo et al. 2010; Zheng et al. 2010).
> Data obtained from ES cells suggest that they have robust mechanisms in place to preserve their genetic stability and, compared to somatic cells, display substantially lower mutation frequencies [ 30].
The accuracy of within- or across-breed trained MBV are substantially lower for breeds that are not included in the training set, since the estimated genetic correlations between trait MBV and their corresponding phenotypes cluster around zero.
We also compared the estimate of effective density from genetic data to the census density from SCUBA and found that the effective density was substantially lower compared to census density.
Elevated lipoprotein(a) (Lp[a]) is a highly prevalent (around 20% of people) genetic risk factor for cardiovascular disease and calcific aortic valve stenosis, but no approved specific therapy exists to substantially lower Lp(a) concentrations.
