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The cyclic loading observed in the finite element simulations consists of the superposition of proportional loading and a second, non-proportionality inducing component, the latter with a substantially lower amplitude and running at a higher cycling frequency.
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Their loss factors are substantially lower than that of CBV in the temperature range of 60 100 °C, and their modulus dependence on strain amplitude at very low strains (Payne effect) are significantly subdued in comparison to CBV.
"We substantially lower CO2 emissions.
Thus, installation costs are substantially lower.
(Zhukova says that the figure was substantially lower).
"It is going to be of a substantially lower quality.
All are expected to be substantially lower this year.
Vandalism costs there are substantially lower than on regular floors.
Tuition and fees are typically substantially lower at community colleges.
This is substantially lower than the IPCC conclusions from 2007.
But homespun celebrations come with substantially lower price tags.
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