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This discrepancy between the two sets of estimates of the TMRCA likely owes to the inability of the MCA to integrate information from the period of evolution between the two subtypes, leading to a substantial underestimate of the rate of substitution, and consequent underestimation of the date of the TMRCA.
This is according to Russia's official figures, which almost everyone agrees are a substantial underestimate of the true position.
In contrast, the coarse spatial resolution of MODIS-derived products results in a substantial underestimate of change events and thus overestimates forest carbon sinks over the observation period.
And the official figure is believed to be a substantial underestimate of the numbers of youngsters kidnapped and taken to a training camp to become child soldiers.
This number is 80%% higher than the figure derived from Vital Statistics (WISQARS) (1.0 deaths per million life years)—a figure which has been shown to be a substantial underestimate (Schaechter et al. 2003; Barber and Hemenway 2011; Luo and McIntire 2013; Moms Demand Action 2014) in large part due to its mis-classification of gun accidents as homicides.
However, if only 3% of cells die and thus remove their associated propagons from the population, around 200 propagons are lost by 34 hr and this would lead to a substantial underestimate of n0.
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Some guesses were large overestimates and others substantial underestimates.
We review quantitative evidence that supports the important contribution of extreme events to landscape development in mountains throughout the world, and propose that their common underreporting in the Quaternary record may lead to substantial underestimates of mean process rates.
This is especially important for Russia, as the data outlined in [ 37] have been criticized for being substantial underestimates of the prevalence of HED [ 38, 39].
This is especially important for Russia, as the data outlined in [ 37] have also been criticized for being substantial underestimates the volume of alcohol consumed [ 38, 39].
In our analysis, 250.8 comprised the vast majority (83%) of hypoglycemia cases, and exclusion of this code in these prior studies likely contributed to substantial underestimates in the incidence of hypoglycemia.
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