In the UK, at the time the trial was designed, the only substantial trial of manipulation was in secondary care, suggesting there may be some longer term benefit [ 25, 26].
19 20 33 In the only substantial trial of vestibular rehabilitation in primary care so far, 33 just 3% (5/170) of participants had previously been offered rehabilitation, despite a mean duration of dizziness of eight years, yet two thirds of participants benefited from it in the trial.
The 2013 Cochrane Review of smoking cessation interventions for those younger than 20 years identified 28 substantial trials, of which only 3 were statistically significant [ 3].
Although observational studies might suggest a simplistic hypothesis for high density lipoprotein cholesterol, that increasing the levels pharmacologically would generally reduce cardiovascular events, in the current era of widespread use of statins in dyslipidaemia, substantial trials of these three agents do not support this concept.
It is also recognised that there will be a need in the future for more substantial trials to demonstrate a) the effectiveness of health literacy needs assessment and response planning as a means for agencies to improve outcomes in relation to identified limitations to equity and effectiveness; and b) the utility of many of the specific intervention ideas.
As a solution most oncologists, even those with substantial trial involvement, focus first of all on the possible benefit to their immediate patient and not on the theoretical benefit of future patients.
And the Divisional Court fined the News of the World the total of £50,000 for contempt of court for publishing an article which was calculated or had the capacity to cause significant and substantial prejudice to the trial of the people who had been arrested, did they not?
It follows the legal action by the attorney general who told the lord chief justice last week that the article had created a substantial risk that the trial of Rebekah Brooks, Andy Coulson and others "would be seriously impeded or prejudiced".
The attorney general has told the lord chief justice that he believes an article by the US journalist Michael Wolff published last April created a substantial risk that the trial of Rebekah Brooks, Andy Coulson and others "would be seriously impeded or prejudiced".
Complete results in the cases of a conventional meta-analysis are reported in the Additional file 2. Briefly, the proposed test showed type I error inflation when heterogeneity was substantial (between-trial variance of 0.25) and/or with a large number of trials per meta-analysis (30 trials).
The Cochrane Collaboration, an academic group, has warned of "substantial problems" with trials of the drug which was stockpiled by governments around the world at a cost of billions of pounds during the 2009 flu pandemic.
