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The lack of substantial toughness in these polymers limits their use in practical engineering applications.
Microcracks induced by nanoindentation or sliding wear readily propagate through the column boundaries whereas the coatings without a columnar microstructure exhibit substantial toughness.
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That is real toughness!
Crack-bridging mechanisms can provide substantial increases in toughness coupled with strength in ceramics.
After changing the properties of the dispersed epoxy phase to completely rubbery a substantial increase in toughness was obtained.
Austempered ductile iron (ADI) has found enormous applications in recent years due to its high strength and hardness, coupled with substantial ductility and toughness.
In nanocomposites based on a polymer blend matrix with high content of polar groups (VAc) the dispersion of polar nanoclay leads to significant enhancement in toughness and a substantial increase in viscosity.
Mechanical analysis confirmed a substantial increase in fracture toughness on incorporation of the functionalised PEKK particles in an epoxy resin laminate when compared to non-functionalised PEKK particles.
The fracture mechanics studies indicate that the DDM-cured ER/SAN blends containing 10 wt% give a substantial improvement of fracture toughness KIC.
Such a substantial increase in fracture toughness under mode-II loading contradicts the prediction of the maximum hoop stress criterion, which has been validated for most brittle fractures.
While the latter imparts high strength at the cost of ductility, the mesostructure, which arises due to the laser track hatching, causes the crack path to be tortuous, and in turn leads to substantial increase in fracture toughness.
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