Sentence examples for substantial substitution from inspiring English sources

Saturation plots revealed substantial substitution saturation in the third codon positions of 13 PCGs and rrnS (Additional file 13).

In contrast, the concatenated 4D-sites of 13 mitochondrial genes showed substantial substitution saturation (two tailed P value >0.05) and were excluded for further analysis.

This latter acid cannot be esterified by the standard Fischer Speier method, and its methyl ester undergoes substantial substitution of the nitro group when basic hydrolysis is attempted.

Substantial substitution of DNA G by 6-TG is well tolerated by cells and DNA 6-TG is not significantly miscoding during replication.

Sequence divergence is expected to be neither too conservative nor too diverged as to experience substantial substitution saturation; this saturation decreases phylogenetic information [ 57].

Sequences that have not experienced substantial substitution saturation will show a linear relationship for both transitions and transversions versus sequence divergence; also, transitions will occur more often than transversions (Xia and Xie 2001).

If prices rose over a longer time horizon absent the sharp reversals in prices the world oil market saw in the 1990s, and as one would design a policy aimed at cutting long-term consumption then more substantial substitutions would occur.

Substantial deadweight, substitution and displacement.

Table 2 The effectiveness of ALMPs ALMP Policy Effective objective Positive effects Negative effects Impact in normal times Role during crisis and recovery Cost-effectiveness Incentives for retaining employment Work sharing/Short work Reduce outflow from employment Temporarily prevent layoffs Substantial deadweight, substitution and displacement effects.

In 2013, short questionnaire surveys for clients and staff were carried out in a convenience sample from four community drug treatment services (with substantial opiate substitution treatment, OST), one inpatient detoxification unit, and two residential rehabilitation services in, or with links to, Europe's largest provider of mental health care, the South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust.

There are several possible mechanisms that would explain the rapid down-regulation of certain mature miRNAs observed in Aβ-treated neurons: 1) Substantial nucleotide substitutions, additions and deletions have been detected in animal miRNAs [43], [44].