The cost of avian influenza virus outbreaks in poultry is substantial; outbreaks of influenza A(H5N1) virus during 2004 2009 caused US $30 billion in damage (29 ), and the frequency of highly pathogenic avian influenza outbreaks in poultry appears to be increasing (11 ).
6– 8 The editorial suggests that serotypes 1 and 5 might be selected by use of PCV7; however, increases in disease caused by these serotypes has not been seen in countries that have introduced PCV7 and substantial outbreaks of each have been observed in the absence of vaccination.
Although GeoSentinel would not be likely to receive reports from outbreaks of dengue that are restricted to regions of a country not frequented by travelers, most substantial outbreaks do eventually spread widely (27 ).
However, due to the lack of effective aphid resistant germplasm, the complexity of plant-aphid interactions and the rapid development of resistant pest biotypes, outbreak of aphids causing substantial losses of wheat continue to be reported regularly [ 7, 8].
Due to the complexity of plant-aphid interactions and the rapid development of resistant pest biotypes, outbreak of aphids causing substantial losses of wheat are reported regularly [ 5, 6].
In the first, pressing and serious public health interests render the compromise of patient interests proportionate (Lee et al., 2012), for instance the outbreak of an epidemic which poses a substantial public health risk.
The 2009 outbreak of influenza A (H1N1) highlighted the substantial risk to health and security posed by pandemic influenza.
After the Second World War the substantial number of amateur companies that had existed before the outbreak of hostilities reduced by two thirds.
However, it seems likely that the cholera outbreak of 2000 02 in particular would have attracted substantial [ 45] media attention.
The massive waterborne outbreak of cryptosporidiosis in 1993 in Milwaukee caused illness in approximately 403,000 persons and generated substantial healthcare costs and productivity losses.
