However, in recent decades China has experienced substantial forest reforms that aim to protect important forested lands while simultaneously increasing timber outputs from plantations.
Today only two large publicly traded forest-products companies Weyerhaeuser, based just outside Seattle, and Temple-Inland, based in Austin, Texas—still have substantial forest holdings.
Specifically, formwork engineering, which involves substantial forest resource harvesting and waste production in manufacturing and using timber formworks, requires attention.
We conclude that housing development maintains the landscape connectivity and may not result in substantial forest loss in area.
The new measure, Py, is applied to a forest landscape where substantial forest loss has occurred from mountain pine beetle mitigation and salvage harvesting.
At the site level, these bats selected roosts that were close to water and had substantial forest cover in the surrounding 100-m radius.
The international paper and packaging company Mondi, for example, with substantial forest holdings in South Africa, selected three of its plantations for the scope of its ecosytem services review (ESR).
The study [36] suggested that coarse and fine woody debris are substantial forest ecosystem carbon stock.
For example, Germany or Austria, both Parties with substantial forest resources and sustainable management for centuries, were facing age-class structures that provided meaningful sinks in 1990.
Based on ecological theory, our expectations are that single or light disturbances may allow for quick recovery of forest structure, whereas intense, repeated, or synergistic disturbances may lead to substantial forest decline and potentially lower carbon states.
