Whereas mice showed a moderate increase in foot withdrawal latency at 10 nM and a greater, more prolonged increase at higher concentrations (Fig. 3A), APV had no substantial effect at any concentration in naked mole-rats (Fig. 3B).
To exclude any direct effects on the parasite, we tested ABT-737 on Plasmodium falciparum blood stages, and found that it had no substantial effect at even the highest concentration used.
Next, the linear terms of the extraction temperature (X1) and extraction time (X3) show a substantial significant effect at a 99.9% confidence level (P < 0.001), and the interaction term X1 X2 were significant (P < 0.01).
Pb significantly shifted deposition potential of Zn to negative value at concentration less than 1.0 mmol dm−3, while Sn showed no substantial effect even at 50 mmol dm−3.
The slight effects seen in this system are also consistent with reaction-diffusion models, which also predict that a larger and more substantial effect may take place at the site of colonization, when tumors are small (ca. 1 mm) and poorly perfused [ 14].
Management has substantial effects: planting at high densities greatly reduces tree girth growth rates and delays the occurrence of large boughs, tree hollows and fallen timber by decades.
The mice experienced substantial effects even at genistein blood levels below those seen in human infants given soy formulas.
Looking at those investments kind of gives a sense of what the firm is looking to accomplish: a company like Lyft has the potential to change the way we move around cities, reduce drunk driving, and have other substantial effects — but at the same time it has to figure out how to run it as a real business if it's actually going to remain active.
As the green part of the spectrum around 545 nm is biologically relatively inactive [ 51], we expect there to be no substantial effects, especially at this low intensity, although expectations will be quite comparable to white light, as was previously shown for dim red light [ 52].
Upon redox switching of the polymer through this Fe(III/II) redox system, a process of cation insertion and expulsion into the polypyrrole matrix was observed with both the nature and concentration of the supporting electrolyte having a substantial effect upon the potential values at which this process occurred.
Genetic drift reflects the population history, including population bottlenecks; and it has a substantial effect on genetic diversity even at loci subject to balancing selection [ 5- 7].
