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The lack of physiologically relevant in vitro models to investigate host microbe interactions is considered a substantial bottleneck for microbiota research.
Despite advances in microarray technology that have led to increased reproducibility and substantial reductions in the cost of microarrays, the successful use of this technology is still elusive for many researchers, and microarray data analysis in particular presents a substantial bottleneck for many biomedical researchers.
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The model that best fitted our data involves a substantial bottleneck among non-Africans (Figure 3C, 2≤βOoA≤20 giving the highest ψ1 and the only significant comparison after correction for multiple testing when all values of ψ1 are compared with the ψ1 of the constant size model, P<0.01), rejecting significantly a constant population size model for these populations.
Mitigating solar and wind power variability and its direct effect on local grid stability are already a substantial technological bottleneck for increasing market penetration of these technologies.
Single-wall carbon nanotubes [SWNT] provide a large field enhancement factor, low threshold voltage, and high emission currents, but the substantial degradation of emission currents is a serious bottleneck for the application of SWNT-based FECs [4].
Battery technology is still a bottleneck for development, though.
For Windows users, viruses can also be a major bottleneck for online connections.
The Alpine tunnels have been a bottleneck for transportation for years.
At present, poor logistics infrastructure presents a big bottleneck for agribusiness growth, particularly in Brazil.
One potential bottleneck for 5G is spectrum availability – or lack of it.
That has created something of a bottleneck for black political ambitions.
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