A substantial bias with respect to observed profiles remains in the upper stratosphere.
More importantly, we should see a substantial bias towards EMI offerings among new iTunes adopters.
Researchers have found that slight misspecification of the propensity score model can result in substantial bias of estimated treatment effects.
Firstly, in many cases transcriptomic and proteomic profiling was carried out in different laboratories, introducing a substantial bias by variations in experimental conditions.
Marks said the investigation had found significant problems in the review process and a substantial bias against conservative group, Ahmad said.
A mathematically brilliant solution to this problem, due to Flajolet and Martin (1985) [1], is unfortunately affected by substantial bias and error.
Despite validation studies demonstrating substantial bias, epidemiologic studies typically use self-reported height and weight as primary measures of body mass index because of feasibility and resource limitations.
It is shown that these simplifications on censored data cause substantial bias in the parameters estimated, and thus model predictions become uncertain.
Substantial bias can result if the shelter is not placed to minimize hydraulic gradient between the bag and the seepage cylinder.
Naturally, there is also a substantial bias toward more commonly used species.
However, both regression and measurement uncertainty can have a substantial bias component.
