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Engineers and architects who have worked in or visited Haiti say that substandard design, inadequate materials and shoddy construction practices likely contributed to the collapse of many buildings in the earthquake that struck Tuesday.
Almost everything about the Tappan Zee Bridge has been criticized since it opened in 1955 — its congestion, its safety, its narrow lanes, substandard design and unfortunate history of suicides — though Gov. Thomas E. Dewey did defend its location on the grounds that it was outside the range of an atomic bomb falling on New York City and thus the only bridge likely to survive an attack.
Its economy and speed of production have inevitably led to its use on buildings of poor quality – frequently compounded by substandard design and inadequate maintenance.
While I tend to think substandard design in affordable housing has come about more by inattention and a mass-production approach than by intent, there is little doubt that the results have often been lacking.
Even worse, the effects of substandard design are frequently compounded by substandard maintenance over time, creating a "wrong part of town" even if things didn't start out that way.
18 This is shown by the recent problems with some metal-on-metal joint replacements, which were identified in single centre cohort studies more than three years before the NJR identified them as outliers, 19 20 Arguably, well designed controlled studies would have identified the problem even more quickly with fewer patients experiencing the adverse consequences of a substandard design.
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Some readers may remember that EV-maker Tesla Motors had sued Fisker Automotive, accusing the firm and its principals of stealing confidential information and delivering substandard designs.
As this is changing and we can start, exploring fields of knowledge previously overseen or deemed substandard like Design Philosophy.
Conclusion: Methodology reviewers often failed to comment on deficiencies that they had classified as substandard when designing this study.
However, pollution rate of CO and NO x is alarmingly much more than the prescribed norms by the Governmental agencies because of substandard manufacturing designs and improper combustion of fuel in the cylinder.
Chinese officials said that the magnitude of the earthquake was to blame, but experts blamed poor design, substandard building work and lax enforcement of standards.
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com