To date, the main interest for the study of anti-infectives in the environment has focused on their potential role on the spread of anti-infective resistance, as these substances are specifically designed and used with the purpose of inhibiting microbes.
Antifoaming chemicals are made from oils, the one substance the foam is specifically designed to be resilient to.
In contrast to general QoL measures, which are structured around domains of similar importance, QoL tools specifically designed for substance use measurement allow for a specific selection of life areas that are most salient for drug users (DUs)[ 18].
The main aim of these activities is to deliver specifically designed, biologically active substances which are not controlled by the public law.
Screening methods are used to detect the presence of a substance or class of substances at the level of interest and are specifically designed to avoid false compliant results.
The vast majority (95%) expressed an interest in engaging in an exercise program specifically designed for persons in substance use recovery and 89% reported wanting to initiate an exercise program within the first 3 months of sobriety.
Although bipolar disorder is the Axis I psychiatric disorder associated with the highest rate of co-occurring substance use disorders, little research has focused on treatments specifically designed for these patients.
The Ames Salmonella/microsome mutagenicity assay (Salmonella test; Ames test) is a short-term bacterial reverse mutation assay specifically designed to detect a wide range of chemical substances that can produce genetic damage that leads to gene mutations.
A treatment specifically designed to address fear of contamination with infectious substances, using a cognitive intervention that includes no direct exposure ("danger ideation reduction therapy, DIRT"), was found to be more efficacious than ERP [ 661, 662].
Also known as 'emerging psychoactive substances', 'legal highs' and 'synthetic drugs', NEDs are specifically designed to mimic the effects of existing illicit substances, such as ecstasy, by slightly changing their chemical structure [ 8].
