Research on associations between substances of abuse and suicidal behaviors is a large, complex area.
Instead, they are subject to drug testing — not just for performance-enhancing substances but for "substances of abuse," including marijuana.
In recent years, codeine-containing cough syrups (CCS) have been reported as substances of abuse, especially in adolescents.
Some of their modulators, including benzodiazepines and general anaesthetics, are among the most successful drugs in clinical use and are common substances of abuse.
Certain substances of abuse and the biological mediators of psychiatric illnesses reportedly interact in the brain and presumptively worsen HIV-related neuropathogenesis and survival measures.
Since most of them are partially not commercially available to date, synthesis and characterisation of amphetamine derivatives might help authorities to identify these substances of abuse.
It has been proposed that certain foods and/or eating behaviours may be addictive, to a degree comparable to substances of abuse.
The N.F.L. has two drug policies — one that covers use of performance-enhancing substances and another "policy and program for substances of abuse," which applied in Miller's case.
Other research foci in Dr. Benveniste's laboratory are on: 1) bioenergetics of the developing brain and implications for anesthesia related neurotoxicity and 2) mechanisms of addiction to substances of abuse.
To this end we are using PET imaging and molecular biology techniques to explore in mice and rats, both in vivo and ex vivo, the effect of exposure to various substances of abuse on the shaping of the adult brain.
Hoebel has shown that rats eating large amounts of sugar when hungry, a phenomenon he describes as sugar-bingeing, undergo neurochemical changes in the brain that appear to mimic those produced by substances of abuse, including cocaine, morphine and nicotine.
