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Could an existing substance exist for a certain length of time and then go out of existence?
Some medieval philosophers went so far as to suggest that most or even all the parts of a substance exist only in potency when the substance is actual (see Pasnau 2011, 606 29).
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Thus, according to the PSR, there must be reasons why each existing substance exists and also reasons why non-existing substances do not exist.
According to Spinoza's account of causation, this means that existing substances exist in virtue of conceptual relations to whatever explains their existence, and, similarly, conceptual relations explain the non-existence of non-existing substances.
Spinoza reasons that existing substances exist in virtue of having causes that bring about and explain their existence, and non-existing substances do not exist in virtue of causes that prevent their existence and explain their non-existence (Ip14).
(d″) If a mode is among the things existing in (a), then a substance exists.
Spinoza then runs a simple argument by cases: (d′) If a substance is among the things existing in (a), then a substance exists.
But since all existing substances must nonetheless have causes and reasons for their existence, the fact that a substance exists must be explained entirely by the substance itself.
Martin's old-school operation has now gone wireless, and "Style & Substance" exists as a publicly accessible Journal blog.
Most people who think about modern cosmology at all would be thrilled to learn that such a marvelous substance exists.
Now Caterina realized, as Lev puts it, that despite her husband's "ornately trimmed garments, nothing of substance existed within".
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com