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The latter was an outcome of labour being widely dispatched across tribal territories, quasi-specialisation in subsistence tasks, and pooling and exchange of resources through a variety of social mechanisms which often involved population movements.
Highland children often walked long distances to school, assisted with subsistence tasks including herding and gathering firewood, and consumed a more traditional diet than their lowland counterparts.
Womens traditional economic roles confine them to household and subsistence tasks such as the production, processing, storage and preparation of food for the family which, are often unremunerated, reinforcing their unequal status in communities and societies.
Similar(57)
Quite a number of these individuals are from disadvantaged households, and some are even from very poor households who take on this work in addition to subsistence labor and household tasks.
Stripped of the gauzy romanticism of myth, the preindustrial village was for most people a place of exhausting and unremitting subsistence labor, harnessing men, women, and children to the mind-numbing tasks of farm and household.
The total time spent working on subsistence activities and household tasks was longer among women than men by 2.2 h (women; 657 min, men; 524 min).
Unfortunately there is little information available on extent of change in TEE and PAL between the peak and slack seasons of agricultural activity caused by varying obligatory tasks for subsistence.
The time spent on subsistence activities and household tasks was 11 h in women and 8.7 h in men, suggesting very little margin of time available for additional work, particularly in women.
High PAL throughout the year ranging on average 2.0 and 2.2 was attributable to everyday tasks for subsistence and domestic works undertaking over 9 11 h (men spent 2.7 h on agricultural work and 4.7 h on animal herding, whereas women spent 7.3 h almost exclusively on animal herding).
The high levels of PAL in the rural agropastoral Aymara were mainly attributable to the every day tasks and subsistence activities necessary to maintain their domestic works and animal care etc, whereas high levels of PAL in senior citizens of the Western European society is limited to those who maintain a high level of leisure time activity.
Labor produces subsistence at best.
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