Population growth and subdivision of the land from generation to generation was reducing the margin of subsistence for many families.
Another source of land for the expansion of tree plantations has been the vast tracts of relatively sparsely populated land on the western slopes of the Andes as well as the land of small-scale subsistence farmers, many of whom have migrated to urban areas and have sold their land to forestry firms.
The policy devastated the livelihoods of many subsistence farmers, driving them deeper into the jungle – where, inevitably, their slash and burn farming techniques have caused even greater environmental damage.
Pacific islanders recognize that healthy reefs are essential for creation, support, protection and repair of their islands, and serve as a living pantry for the subsistence harvest and consumption of many reef organisms.
"Without access to education or alternative means of subsistence, many believe that it is God's wish for them to be slaves".
As older people die, subsistence farms, many of which lie in the mountains, are disappearing.
This HIA, done in conjunction with other environmental assessments under NEPA, made several proposals relating to factors ranging from monitoring pollution to managing caribou herds for subsistence populations,, many of which were later accepted by the U.S. Bureau of Land Management.
Which pension fund trustee would like to be accused of violating the basic human rights (including the right to life, the right to health and the right to subsistence) of millions of people and of many millions to come?
These are subsistence farmers, many with tiny plots of land and little bargaining power.
Most of the islanders are subsistence farmers, many living in traditional thatched houses which were flattened.
