It is possible that the contribution of gene duplication for evolving new gene function may have completely ceased after the severe form of RIP arose in the Neurospora lineage subsequent to the split with the Magnaporthe lineage (C. A. Cuomo et al., unpublished, presented in [10]).
LSU evolving more rapidly subsequent to the split from R. felis str.
For example, chicken-specific W → S nucleotide substitution rate gives the number of changes along the chicken branch, subsequent to the split from turkey, from A or T to G or C per "weak" nucleotide site.
This strongly suggests that the emergence of a family of seven mammalian P2X receptors was a relatively recent evolutionary event that occurred subsequent to the split between vertebrates and invertebrates.
Phylogenetic tree construction and measuring the relative age of ORFans: since ORFan genes are found in only a single branch of the phylogenetic tree, they must have emerged subsequent to the split of that branch.
Subsequent to the split of Lohora, the follow-up basal divergences within Mycalesina have been rapid and in tandem, such that by early the Miocene (around 20 Mya), all the currently circumscribed genera had been established.
Remarkably, new editable species-specific Alu insertions, subsequent to the human chimpanzee split, are significantly enriched in genes related to neuronal functions and neurological diseases.
The three-population test loses sensitivity primarily as a result of drift subsequent to splitting from the references' lineages.
The coalescent analysis also supports low but significant gene flow subsequent to splitting from T. minimus into T. alpinus.
This pattern indicates either recent speciation of T. alpinus from T. minimus with retention of ancestral polymorphism, or extensive introgression subsequent to splitting.
However, any conclusion derived from this approach is confounded by the ancillary question of whether local adaptation to the urban environment predates or arose subsequent to initial lineage splitting between the molecular forms.
