James R. Detert, Ph.D., Harvard University Researchch interests: 1) the antecedents, processes, and outcomes of improvement-oriented voice from subordinates to authorities in work organizations; 2) leadership processes, behaviors, and outcomes; and 3) ethical decision making and behavior, particularly the sociocognitive processes and mechanisms of moral disengagement.
The legal profession itself is subordinate to the authority of the Communist Party; the Ministry of Justice, not the bar associations, is responsible for issuing and renewing lawyers' licenses.
In countries that have an entrenched security apparatus (the "deep state" as it is known in Egypt), the results of elections will be meaningless unless efforts are made to subordinate to civilian authority several critical government agencies including the military, intelligence services, interior ministries and secret police.
Owner, means the individual(s) or organization(s) of record that own private land that is being nominated for World Heritage status, or the head of the public agency, or subordinate to whom such authority has been delegated, responsible for administering public land that is being nominated for World Heritage status.
Therefore, both knowledge workers and industrial workers are relegated to the same conditions, as subordinate to the central authority of the state, which possesses social resources.
"We live in a state which is governed by laws, and we are subordinate to the highest authority which is the president of the republic," he said.
Central government passed from the Council of State to the States General, which was more explicitly subordinated to provincial authority.
In the occupied territories, in all regional governments, either civilian or military, there were departments dealing with manpower which were a part of the administration; and they were subordinate to the administration authorities.
Careful review of requirements under water law should be assured, via clarification of pertinent requirements, and via a) introduction of an integrated project-approval procedure to be directed by an environmental authority subordinate to the Ministry for the Environment, or b) integration of mining authorities within the environmental administration.
For several centuries, successive popes maintained quasi-imperial jurisdiction over the princes of Europe; gradually, however, as powerful nation-states took shape, their rulers sought to subordinate church authority to their own.
Third, the armed forces are not fully subordinated to civilian authorities.
