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Is a subgroup effect believable? Updating criteria to evaluate the credibility of subgroup analyses.
In order to provide a common metric for the subgroup effect magnitude comparisons, the effect sizes were weighted by the sample sizes.
The BDKRB2 C58T x ACE I/D interaction shows non-significant subgroup effects in the unadjusted model and one significant subgroup effect only after adjustment for covariates.
Does the publication report any claim about a subgroup effect?
Any anticipated direction of a subgroup effect mentioned?
Our analyses, however, do not support other criteria for a valid subgroup effect.
Such studies provide insight into the variability of a subgroup effect in the target population [ 27].
Does the publication report an anticipated direction of any subgroup effect?
This raises the possibility that this subgroup effect in PROWESS was due to chance.
However, since only 4% of protocols that planned subgroup analysis provided an anticipated direction of a subgroup effect, appropriate power calculations (additionally including an estimate for the magnitude of the subgroup effect) were likely to be even less common.
The APACHE II subgroup effect in PROWESS was one of about 80 prospectively defined subgroup comparisons [ 6].
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