Those kinds of results have national educators studying the program as a potential model for other urban districts.
In fact, the executive knew nothing about computers, so instead of studying the program, he used the time to learn skills like word processing, spreadsheets and navigating the Internet.
General Motors, an HR Policy Association member that has been closing production lines and pushing thousands of workers into early retirement, is studying the program, said Bruce E. Bradley, G.M.'s director of health care strategy and public policy.
Despite years of studying the program, Mr. Bowen writes that he still has not found a good answer to the question of why the program was even pursued as soaring violence made it untenable.
The committee, which released the report on Thursday at the annual meeting of the American Anthropological Association, the discipline's largest professional group, has been studying the program since its inception in 2007.
"It's an awful complex code that we are looking at," said Mr. Langner, who has spent several months studying the program, which was discovered by a Russian antivirus company in June, after the company received complaints from Iranian customers.
