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The version of the Rome II questionnaire used in this study was translated into Chinese through a process of forward- and back-translation and reconciliation, and then tested for linguistic validity through a process of cognitive debriefing with literate volunteers.
The version used in this study was translated into Chinese and then back-translated into English by two bilingual translators to ensure the accuracy of translation.
All written material used in this study was translated into English and is available from the authors on request.
The Chinese vesion of SF-36 questionnaire used in this study was translated and validated by Li et al [ 12].
Firstly, overall survival (SOVERALL) in each study was translated to risk of overall mortality due to treatment (ROVERALL).
The PedsQL™ 3.0 Diabetes Module used in this study was translated into Persian from the original questionnaire using the linguistic validation of the PedsQL™ protocol.
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The contents of this study were translated into English by a bilingual translator with specific guidance from the research team, and all research members reviewed the translated manuscript.
The core of the meta-ethnographic approach is the reciprocal translation meaning, "in an iterative fashion, each study is translated into the terms (metaphors) of the others and vice versa [ 36]: 36].
Here, the results of this large-scale empirical study are translated into a series of algorithms for use in natural resource management planning.
The predicted protein sequence described in our study is translated from the validated transcript of Adamts16.
All instruments used in this study were translated into the Slovak language.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com