They conducted a field playback study to test conspecific recognition in two different sets of flycatcher subspecies, finding that for one sister pair of taxa, song was apparently assessed before color, whereas for the second pair of taxa, color was assessed early along with song.
Field playback experiments and laboratory studies in birds demonstrated that male song causes females to approach the sound source (Baker et al. 1981; Eriksson & Walin 1986).
Similar to Franco & Slabbekoorn's [18] study, our playback experiment was performed in three phases, but we used a more standardized recording protocol (see above for details).
Practice out loud and record yourself, preferably by means of video, and then study the playback.
Amy Seimetz studied the playback of a Fastnacht scene and cracked up.
Transmission of MCS between grapevine leaves that were not connected by a common substrate was studied by playback of pre-recorded MCS.
Our results are consistent with the two studies using playback of extra begging calls [26], [27]; carers matched an experimental increase in the work-rate of other carers.
Further studies employing playback experiments are needed to confirm the second criterion that the observed variation is actually meaningful to the subjects.
More research, with a particular emphasis on experimental studies with playback - or involving manipulations -, is needed to specifically determine whether the information bearing structure in giggle sounds described here is actually used by the spotted hyena and, more generally, to decipher the complex communication network of this species.
In addition, they modeled in a playback study an intrusion of a strange dog to the subject dogs' household and they found that the subjects behave differently according to the perceived intruders' body size.
