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These possible explanations highlight the fact that crude study odds ratios included in the meta-analysis may differ in the degree to which they are affected by confounding and effect measure modification.
In the Rotterdam Study, odds ratio's for prevalent AMD were estimated with logistic regression analyses, and relative risks for incident AMD were estimated with Cox proportional hazards analyses.
In that study, odds ratio (OR) was chosen as the effect label instead of HR.
In the present study, odds ratio analysis showed a significant relationship of myocardial thickening to exercise-induced blood pressure.
In this latter study, odds of lung cancer increased in a dose response fashion with increasing exposure to arsenic-contaminated drinking water.
The estimated effect in our study (odds ratio 1.41) was in the same direction as the previous studies, but the magnitude of the effect was markedly smaller.
Similar(37)
However, some studies report odds ratios (ORs) and others present hazard ratios (HRs).
A third of the studies report odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals.
The probability of a research finding being true is related to the pre-study odds of that finding being true.
For a confirmatory study with four to one pre-study odds, the chance that any positive effects are spurious is reduced to 25%.
The impact of combining low power and low pre-study odds has important consequences for the likelihood that the research finding is actually true.
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