In his classic study, "Manias, Panics and Crashes", Charles Kindleberger recounts how the Bank of England averted a run on its own finances in 1720.
Charles Kindleberger's classic study, "Manias, Panics and Crashes: A History of Financial Crises", updated by Robert Aliber in 2005, suggests that financial instability feeds on itself.
For researchers, such as ourselves, wishing to establish a measure of "caseness" BADDS can easily be used to define thresholds – for example, a study of mania might require that cases be included only for M > 64.
There was a significant difference in the rates of response for those studies examining mania (52 69 % for <5 episodes vs 29 59 % for >5 episodes).
Meet the Ethnographer Who Studied 'Magaluf Mania'.
However, in a search of the PubMed database we found no serotonin-specific brain imaging studies on mania or hypomania.
But in a forthcoming book, "Robert Lowell, Setting the River on Fire: A Study of Genius, Mania, and Character," the psychiatry professor Kay Redfield Jamison points out that Lowell's translation of the passage renders mēnin as "mania".
This study took schizophrenia, mania, and psychotic depression as primary psychotic illnesses and defined psychosis in terms of delusions, hallucinations, and disorganized behavior (29).
In another study, patients experiencing mania showed hyperactivation of ventral prefrontal cortex given the prospect of increasing reward, but relatively reduced activation when faced with increasing loss (Bermpohl et al., 2010).
Studies that defined mania only as scoring above a certain cut-off on a screening questionnaire will be excluded, as will studies that defined a manic equivalent as part of a primary mood dysregulation disorder.
