Patients were informed about the study, counseled, and asked to participate.
In the present study, counselling lessons were given only during pregnancy.
In that study, counselling increased the use of alternative CHCs, though there were substantial differences between countries.
As demonstrated in our study, counselling on infant feeding during antenatal visits was an important predictor of infant feeding choices.
In our study, counselling empowered undecided women to make a choice and encouraged the participants to consider alternative CHC methods, although preferences for the pill remained substantially unchanged.
By randomising at ward level, the study reduced intervention 'leakage' to comparison areas: although 18 (7%) women in comparison areas reported receiving an intervention counselling visit, only four (2%) had a study counselling card.
With regard to the focus of our study, counselling appears to be a meaningful strategy for professionals to cope with conflicting normative orientations: relying on patients' capability to take a "rational" decision against parenthood releases MHPs from obligations to interfere with a patient's desire for children.
He left in 1981, married, and began studying counselling.
Tracie Thornberry is an Australian who studied counselling at the University of Newcastle.
She is currently studying counselling at George Brown College in Toronto.
