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Therefore, particles that are identified in acute studies to mediate an inflammatory response can subsequently be tested at lower doses to evaluate their chronic effect.
A model presented as Figure 1 attempts to illustrate possible molecules and pathways that have been suggested by mechanistic studies to mediate the biological functions of this important protein.
Whether this effect is due to reduced activity of signaling pathways implicated by acute in vitro studies to mediate ET-1 inhibition of AVP action, or if other mechanisms are involved, remains uncertain.
However, expression of Star, which has been suggested by previous studies to mediate endocrine disrupting effects of Roundup in MA-10 Leydig tumor cells [ 21], and of Esr1, Esr2 and aromatase (Cyp19a1), which were found disturbed in the human HepG2 hepatocyte cell line [ 22], were not found to be dysregulated in this investigation.
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Two kinds of low molecular weight aliphatic amides, N, N′-ethylenebis (12-hydroxystearamide) (EBH) and N, N′-ethylenebisstearamide (EBSA), have been selected in present study to mediate the crystallization behavior of poly (L-lactic acid) (PLLA).
Inflammation, measured by C-reactive protein concentrations, has been found in 1 study to mediate the association between prepregnancy BMI and preeclampsia risk.
A role of PLD in immune cell responses in vitro is supported by a variety of studies showing PLD to mediate receptor-activated effector responses, including in phagocytosis (20 21), NADPH-oxidative burst [22], [23], immune cell migration [10], [24] [25], degranulation [26], [27] and cytokine production [10], [28].
Specifically, social affiliation with Taiwanese (assimilation) and Americans (accommodation) during their second semester of study was hypothesized to mediate the impact of pre-departure personality on functional adjustment and emotional well-being in the third semester, controlling for acculturative stressors encountered in the first semester.
In previous studies, ATF4 was shown to mediate the VEGF-dependent tumor growth and angiogenesis triggered by osteopontin (OPN) [ 18].
We selected the NAc core-shell border NAc as the results from the microinfusion studies showed this region to mediate the effect of varenicline on ethanol consumption.
Genetic studies examining pathways likely to mediate effects of air pollution also strengthen the causal inference that traffic-related pollutants may cause asthma.
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