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Most studies concerning the prevalence of musculoskeletal complaints, or 'playing related musculoskeletal disorders', in orchestras and music schools, show high prevalence rates [ 14- 16], but in those studies no control group was used.
10 These international studies, however, are limited by serious methodological problems including small sample sizes (or single-case studies), no control groups, limited outcome measures, and studies including both people with and without dementia.
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However, this hypothesis has not yet been systematically studied and no controlled data have been published to date.
In this study, no control group was used for comparison.
In this retrospective study, no control group was used.
As this was not an experimental study, no control districts were selected.
In this study, no control group with similar characteristics and who did not undergo the RF treatment was examined.
A non-randomized study refers to a controlled before-and-after study, with a control or comparison group (no randomization), or a prospective cohort study (no control or comparison group).
There are some limitations of the study; no control group of other critically ill children was included and, of the 58 patients included, 38 were involved in a placebo-controlled dose-finding study of protein C concentrate [ 10].
This was a single-center study with no control studies.
In terms of subjects in the present study, our study has no control subjects, presenting a limitation of demonstrating the impact of VLBW itself on glucose regulation.
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