We bridge the literature on incentives with that on authority structures to argue that a positive relationship between rewards and productivity will be strongest for individuals in positions of scientific leadership within the firm.
It is unconvincing to argue that a process structured to render a vote tally more accurate somehow structurally dilutes the voting rights of the electorate.
If both Hypotheses 1 and 2 tests were to show more internal and external consistencies (i.e., higher coefficients) for MCDM methods over the Intuitive approach, it may be safe to argue that structuring decision problems using MCDM methods leads to more consistent results, and perhaps also more reliable and informed decisions.
This governance structure has led some to argue that it failed to spot the error of appointing the now disgraced Paul Flowers as chairman of the Co-op Bank, who stepped down in the wake of the drug allegations.
Of course, the child's genetic make-up structures that matter, but to argue for the priority of the genetic over the gestational contribution is to argue for the priority of form over matter, and it is not obvious that this can be done.
"The flat-fee structure creates disincentives for lawyers to argue too hard, because they won't get any more money," Mr. Beardall said.
Last week, we considered Russell's commitment to individual freedom and his critique of oppressive social structures – views which led him to argue that "the cramping of love by institutions is one of the major evils of the world".
But scientists are prepared to argue that their structures aren't real embryos, and that they should be able to stretch the limit.
It is difficult to argue that either ownership structure is inherently superior: the Co-op's unlisted supermarkets are not self-evidently better than those of Tesco plc.
Among the reasons to suppose that our representations are structured, Fodor argues, are the productivity and systematicity of thought (Fodor 1987; Fodor and Pylyshyn 1988; Aizawa 2003).
By shifting the analysis from a focal firm to industry structure, we argue that the market structure of the entire supply chain functions as a major moderating variable in determining both the timing and adoption of innovations, both for commercial and military markets.
