In-situ measurements are performed coupled with SEM micrography and 3D pictures from digital optical microscopy in order to understand the epi-macro-structural and the epi-micro-structural roughness of the composite.
The contact angle and hydrophobic property of surface depend on their structural properties (roughness, void fraction, film thickness and symmetry) and almost certainly on the water droplet constituents.
Usually, texture analysis is an efficient measure to estimate the structural orientation, roughness, smoothness or regularity differences of diverse regions in an image scene.
The enhanced nucleation of ZnO can be explained by the generation of structural defects, surface roughness, and surface functional groups on the graphite substrate.
It is demonstrated that in these systems the microstructure of the interfaces (structural and compositional roughness, compound formation, strain and defects) and intergranular coupling and/or isolation are the appropriate length scales that determine their magnetic and magnetotransport properties.
The growth rate, structural morphology, surface roughness, nanohardness as well as the bonding states of deposited a-CNx films were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), atomic force microscope (AFM), nanoindentation, Raman spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), respectively.
Structural symmetry with roughness and void fraction of 5-pointed star sample led to lower contact angle (102.6°) than of 4-pointed star.
Design and deposition of different Mn nano-sculptured thin films indicated that structural symmetry, surface roughness and surface void fraction as result of shadowing effect (80° deposition angle) may enhance hydrophobicity.
The relationship between aero-damping ratio and reduced wind velocity (Vr), wind field roughness, aspect ratio, structural mass, structural damping as well as across-wind displacement was investigated systematically.
To prevent damage the mast can either be designed to the expected snow pressure or the gliding of the snowpack can be prevented by increasing the ground roughness by structural measures e.g. by narrowly spaced poles.
