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"This is a structural downturn.
The Carmichael mine, if a country, would be the world's sixth or seventh largest coal exporter at a time when there was a long-term structural downturn under way in the global thermal coal market, Holt said.
But over the last decade or so, in the shadow of the structural downturn in publishing, Time, Inc has largely become a management free-for-all having absolutely nothing to do with the proper balance between church and state.
Funded by an employment insurance levy, it pays for firms to keep workers for six to 12 months, provided employers can show their businesses are in a cyclical and not a structural downturn.
The pace of pay cuts is likely to accelerate, senior bankers say.The biggest reason for the cutbacks is that after decades of growth in revenues (punctuated by brief declines), the investment-banking industry is facing a structural downturn.
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"There is the idea of essentially structural causation: economic downturn, cuts to welfare, service and benefits, limitation with services with, for example, regards to mental health and the care system," Pleace says.
HMV has been hammered by both the downturn and structural changes in the industry that have seen consumers shun its shops and turn to the internet for CDs and DVDs.
MediaGuardian.co.uk understands that Carter's report will identify four options for the future of Channel 4, which has claimed it will suffer a funding gap of £150m a year by 2012 because of the advertising downturn and structural change in the industry because of the rise of digital media.
I think there are structural elements to the downturn, but I believe that its easier to attribute to them shortfalls in job creation over a longer time period (say, the last decade) than it is the acute collapse in employment we saw in late 2008 and early 2009.My best guess at the scenario that got us that labour market implosion goes something like this.
But Passera made an important point – he believes Italy will still hit its target of a balanced structural budget even if the downturn is deeper than expected.
Advertisers — at least those that can still afford to spend — have also found some benefits in the confluence of a cyclical economic downturn with a structural shift toward free advertising on the Internet.
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