A selection of the literature includes models to account for the effects of structural boundaries [47, 48]; polycrystalline grain structure [49, 50]; layered composite architecture [51 53]; electrostatic actuation [54]; and geometry (plates [54, 55], slotted, channeled, and hollow beams [56 58], double-paddle oscillators [63], and bulk-mode, ring-mode, and disc-mode resonators [59]).
After intensive efforts to accurately define structural boundaries, two trained raters independently performed manual segmentation of nine subcortical structures using axial T2-weighted MRI scans from 20 randomly selected extremely preterm infants.
It is worth mentioning that the structural boundaries do not coincide, necessarily, with the Eulerian grid points because the structure is immersed into this grid.
Structural boundaries tend to be a major stumbling block for middle management in corporate entrepreneurial activity.
Relative interaction frequencies and corresponding structural boundaries observed in the contact frequency maps have little dependence on the precise value of the cutoff.
This article presents a new approach to designing non-reflective boundary (NRB) for inhibiting Lamb wave reflections at structural boundaries.
Structural boundaries under traction and prescribed displacements should be treated as a zero level set in the level set methods.
The joint interpretation also shows that structural boundaries do not always follow lithological boundaries in our study area.
This approach aims to minimize all of the reflective waves at actuator positions located at the structural boundaries.
First, an indicator function which takes level sets of piecewise constants is used to implicitly represent structural boundaries of the multiple phases in the design domain.
The level set method is used to represent the structural boundaries and the boundary mesh is generated based on iso-surface of the level set function.
