The country created 150,000 jobs more than it lost last year, but the 26m-strong labour force expanded by almost the same number.
Indonesia's GDP is growing at 6.5% or better, but the country's 117m-strong labour force still cannot absorb new entrants each year.
Last year this produced $76.4 billion in revenues and employed 2.5m people.That is a drop in the ocean, however, in India's half-a-billion-strong labour force, even counting the four additional jobs elsewhere that each IT job is claimed to create.
The unemployment rate is below 5% nationally and only 2% in Bucharest, the capital (see chart).Of Romania's 7m strong active labour force, around 1.1m have a secure job in the state sector, which they will hesitate to give up.
More precisely, studies carried out during the 80s and early 90s in high-income countries pointed out that an HIV diagnosis had a strong impact on labour force participation [27]-[30] [27]-[30]
They were initially a strong blue collar labour force, providing skill for the building trade and service sectors.
Finally, the figure for Spain shows a steady and strong decline in the labour force, contributing to push upward Okun's coefficient.
Bringing most of these workers back into the labour force will require strong economic growth, of the sort that is unlikely to prevail for at least the next year or so.This unexpectedly sharp decline in lost jobs is a silver lining on an extremely dark cloud.
There is every reason to believe that Japan's strategy for rejuvenating its economy will succeed: the country benefits from strong institutions, has a well-educated labour force with superb technical skills and design sensibilities, and is located in the world's most (only?) dynamic region.
For the rural economy to be strong and prosperous, we need an educated labour force that is able to adopt new technologies and adapt to shocks such as climate change or changing food prices," he concluded.
This is a direct result of the projected demographic change, which is much stronger than the assumed increase in age-specific labour force participation rates.
