As interactive multimedia communications are developing rapidly on the Internet, they present stringent challenges on end-to-end (E2E) performance.
Protein dilution poses stringent challenges to timer circuits by continually diluting out timer components in proliferating cells (Figure 1A, right).
FG devices, however, are inherently vulnerable to fatal data loss through a single defect in the tunnel oxide [1], and face stringent challenges in the course of device downscaling owing to the gate-coupling concern [2].
Thus, we reasoned that a more stringent challenge would be to compare gRNA expression from H1 and U6 promoters at targeting sites specifically known to elicit high levels of off-target hits26,27,28.
In addition, mice vaccinated 3 days before challenge showed clinical signs of disease and weight loss, but most survived this stringent challenge.
However this was not sufficient to prevent patent infection in malaria naïve individuals in the stringent challenge model used that involves high numbers of sporozoites for infection.
We predict that, had we used higher doses of antibody, or a less stringent challenge dose, we would have observed a significant correlation between reduction in viral load and survival.
These protection data in a stringent challenge model in association with an excellent clinical profile highlight the potential of this adjuvanted H5N1 candidate vaccine as an effective tool in pandemic preparedness.
The authors did test two rather acute and rather similar perturbations without success, though the zebrafish would seem to be amenable to much more extensive and stringent challenge.
The ability to distinguish single nucleotide differences between nucleic acid targets, for example, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), is a stringent challenge for a nucleic acid target detection assay.
A series of chemical modifications of already planned drug is unjustified as it consumes quanta of time, efforts, and money, and this approach will also pose stringent regulatory challenges.
