To listen to the contents of any particular call or to place a wiretap on a particular phone, the F.B.I. would have to go back to a judge for a more detailed order, this time showing probable cause sufficient to meet stringent Fourth Amendment standards.
In short, I think that "electronic eavesdropping, as such or as it is permitted by this statute, is not an unreasonable search and seizure". [n1] The statute contains many provisions more stringent than the Fourth Amendment generally requires, as MR. JUSTICE BLACK has so forcefully pointed out.
The measure was the least stringent of three competing amendments intended to address climate change.
First, the 1990 Clean Air Act amendments were as stringent as they were only because of the use of cap and trade.
In 2015, more than a hundred universities and research institutions sent an urgent letter to the European Union in reaction to proposed amendments involving more stringent restrictions on access to medical data for researchers, making important studies, such as the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC), either illegal or impossible (Wellcome Trust, 2015).
Environmental advocates and countries that had pushed for a more stringent deal still called the Kigali amendment a significant step forward.
To emphasize this point, Holmes came up with the most famous and vivid metaphor in First Amendment history: "The most stringent protection of free speech would not protect a man in falsely shouting fire in a theater and causing panic". The metaphor was totally out of place in a case like Schenck's, involving reasoned written criticism of government policy.
By agreeing yesterday to rule on whether provisions of the District of Columbia's stringent gun control law violate the Second Amendment to the Constitution, the Supreme Court has inserted itself into a roiling public controversy with large ramifications for public safety.
Jones said the amendments also would include some stringent sanitation standards, such as cleaning up manure once every 24 hours--the same rule as would be in effect under the draft city ordinance.
The constitutional amendment, detractors said, outlined standards so stringent that the ruling party would choose its opposition in presidential elections.
One of the biggest surprises of the night was Mississippi's rejection of a far-reaching and stringent anti-abortion initiative known as the "personhood" amendment, which had inspired a ferocious national debate.
