Within the economic profession, however, the subject of strict rationality is the occasion of a permanent pitched battle.
In their vision, "the strict rationality assumptions that many economists still embrace may someday be seen as a quaint, unrealistic, special case".
"It's a popular view that humans differ fundamentally from AIs because humans possess creativity whereas AIs only follow paths of strict rationality," he said.
A stochastic system dynamic model of the energy system that features multiple actors with differentiated behaviours is used to investigate energy transition pathways that deviate from strict economic rationality.
Many advocate for retaining strict neoclassical "rationality" as the normative benchmark, while others argue for applying the principle of revealed preferences selectively, rather than systematically, in order to allow for other aspects of well-being to be considered (see Bernheim and Rangel 2007 for a review).
In short, you cannot make good decisions without emotional information (Professor Antonio Damasio); nor grow a flexible brain without good attachments (Dr Sue Gerhardt); nor interpret facial signals if your heart has had to close down (Professor Stephen Porges); nor see the big picture if your brain has been fed on a strict diet of rationality (Dr Iain McGilchrist).
Feyerabend thinks, however, that science must be protected from a "rule of rationality", identified with strict adherence to scientific method: such rules only suppress an open exchange of ideas, extinguish scientific creativity and prevent a free and truly democratic science.
Strict atheists may insist on the rationality of a probability assignment of 0, as Oppy 1990 among others points out.
Other philosophers have provided arguments against strict (and Jeffrey) conditionalization: van Fraassen (1989) holds that rationality does not require the adoption of a particular update rule (but see Hájek 1998 and Kvanvig 1994).
In the Túngara frog, Physalaemus pustulosus, Kirkpatrick et al. (2006) showed that females do not use strict absolute mating preferences, but found no evidence of violations of rationality principles.
Las Casas argued for a nuanced reading of the idea of natural slavery, the full rationality of the indigenous populations, for peaceful evangelization, and for strict limits on the means used on behalf of Spanish interest in the Americas.
