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Both are a function of inter- and intraspecies competition and must be taken into account for model predictions of multiple stressor effects in the environment Multiple stressor effects often play a role in population declines.
Single stressor effects showed that macroinvertebrate drift decreased with flow velocity reduction and increased with DO depletion, in both winter and spring experiments.
Environmental factors may affect tolerance to toxic pollutants under non-stressful conditions, and cause adverse multiple stressor effects under stressful conditions.
Responses to such multiple stressor effects on different biological levels and temporal scales are not considered in current risk assessment practices.
Strongly practice-oriented topics such as 'ecotoxicology of construction materials', 'bioassay standardization procedures' and 'application of passive samplers in surface water monitoring' met with considerable interest; so did "emerging" topics like 'multiple stressor effects' and 'microplastics in the aquatic environment'.
However, predicting and identifying multiple stressor effects is challenging because of the wide range of treatment combinations needed for laboratory experiments and the difficulty of conducting field experiments across a range of conditions that may influence stress responses.
Similar(40)
Both additive and complex multiple-stressor effects were common.
Added fine sediment and reduced flow velocity had strong negative single-stressor effects on the abundances of EPT taxa, i.e. Ephemeroptera (mayflies), Plecoptera (stoneflies) and Trichoptera (caddisflies), and a positive effect on chironomid abundances in the substratum.
We carried out an outdoor mesocosm experiment to assess single and interactive multiple-stressor effects on stream macroinvertebrates in a setup with controlled application of three globally important stressors, namely, reduced stream flow velocity, deposition of fine sediment and increased chloride concentration in a full-factorial design.
Due to the chemical and radioactive properties, U as a single substance may produce multiple-stressor effects in an organism, thus complicating the subsequent hazard assessment.
This model also highlights common directional interactions that those stressors may have with each other, and therefore additionally points out opportunities for positive feedbacks, additive effects, and subsequent multiple-stressor effects.
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