Thus, "the Ngogo data suggest that chimpanzees are not aggressive when they are weak, pressured, disturbed, stressed, or starving, but when they are strong enough to assert themselves on vulnerable neighbors," says primatologist Martin Muller of the University of New Mexico in Albuquerque.
On the one hand, autophagy helps to keep up a balance between degradation, synthesis and recycling of cellular products and allows stressed or starving cells to recycle nutrients from unnecessary processes to more essential metabolic tasks.
In hyperosmotically-stressed starving cells, a peak of cAMP is detected, due to the activation of the histidine kinase DokA and the subsequent transient inhibition of the cytosolic cAMP phosphodiesterase RegA [ 21, 24].
The deer then would be "nutritionally stressed," but not starving, and have fewer babies.
Reduced glucose tolerance could provide such stress by starving the hippocampus when it most needs fuel.
The extent of expression of genes is usually measured for comparison by using samples collected under different experimental conditions, for example, sick and healthy tissues, normal cells or cells put under certain stress or starving.
These carriers become disseminators of the viruses when they are stressed (transported, raced, starved, etc).
In E. coli and B. subtilis, growth arrest caused by starvation has also been shown to elicit increased synthesis of proteins normally induced by oxidative stress, and starved cells display cross-resistance to these stresses [7], [48], [49].
Autophagy is a major mechanism by which a starving or stressed cell reallocates nutrients from ancillary processes to more essential ones [1] [2].
One of the neurohistological hallmarks of AD, hyperphosphorylated tau proteins, form reversibly in the brains of starving or stressed rats.
These reporters revealed that the phagocytosed C. glabrata cells were exposed to transient oxidative stress and starved for carbon source.
