These methods have strengthened inferences regarding biogeography, speciation, and adaptation, especially in regard to the diversification of taxonomic lineages that attends ecological release and adaptive radiations.
We offer several suggestions to strengthen inference about management treatments.
The estimated relative displacement index was one approach to incorporating information on behavior to strengthen inference on resource needs (Figures 1 and 2).
In this paper we are using the surrogate variable to strengthen inference about the true endpoint.
Abundant disease mapping literature has been recently aimed to strengthen inference borrowing information from related factors.
The approach is being widely applied, and various ways to strengthen inference given the known potential limitations of MR are now available.
Using a population-based approach theoretically derived from the concept of genocopy, Stitziel et al. [ 6] offer evidence to strengthen inference from existing observational and RCT studies and to inform future research.
In particular, it is vital to standardize experimental design in order to reduce noise and strengthen inference, beginning with establishing standard definitions of transmission for ferret experiments (i.e. viral titers in nasal washes vs serologic evidence).
The main idea of SCM is to borrow information from related diseases and health outcomes to strengthen inference, allowing to identify specific and shared (common to both) spatially-varying risk factors for each disease.
This means that the principle of MR has the potential to strengthen inference from an observational study (such as a cohort study) toward the inferential robustness of a randomized controlled trial.
