Insights into mechanisms of interventions can help strengthen causal attribution and improve understanding of divergent response patterns.
Outcomes will be measured using valid and reliable measurement tools and the double blind sham study design will further strengthen the attribution of effects and monitoring of safety.
These threats should be addressed using recognised approaches, including appropriate choice of comparators, detailed understanding of the change processes at work, careful specification of research questions, and the use of falsification tests and other methods for strengthening causal attribution.
In addition, family data will provide an opportunity to track cosegregation of genetic and trait variation within families, strengthening the attribution of genetic causation.
In the third stage (3 4 weeks), conductors can use encouragement and a behavior-strengthening approach to consolidate the treatment effect, enable patients to have a better understanding of their attribution style through role playing, self-direction and so on, and strengthen the positive attribution style.
In the present study, XRF measurements confirmed the presence of lead (the most intense peak in the spectrum), thus strengthening the Raman attribution of a yellow lead pigment (massicot), while excluded the presence of tin in the yellow pigment of the greenish paste.
Ideally, a control group would have been included to strengthen the case for causal attribution.
Still a young science, attribution research seeks to strengthen understanding of the factors that contribute to extreme events.
That attribution was strengthened by the revelation that the hacking of power company Prykarpattyaoblenergo was carried out using malware substantially similar to an earlier attack, which affected the computers of a Ukranian media company in late October 2015.
Although it is plausible that the CHWs were responsible for the mortality reduction, attribution would have been strengthened if potential confounders, such as improved access to health services through the construction of roads, had been studied and adjusted for.
