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Research in the area is limited by unidirectional designs which cannot address reciprocity or the comparative strength of directional effects.
The strength of directional interaction is expressed as the sum of feedforward and feedback influences.
In conclusion, this study provides the first estimates of opportunity for natural selection and the strength of directional selection on several female life-history traits according to the socio-economic status.
The magnitude of the effect appears to be related to the strength of directional selection on the trait.
Nonetheless, several lines of evidence indicate that the strength of directional selection for thicker pericarps varies geographically.
The slope of each relationship represents a linear selection gradient, which quantifies the strength of directional selection (range = 0.024 0.036 day−1).
Similar(46)
To quantify the strength of the directional tuning in the DSGC we calculated the directional selectivity index (DSI) in the presence and absence of 750 nM NBQX (see Methods).
For DSGCs, the preferred direction of the cells and the strength of the directional tuning were calculated from responses to stimuli in each of 12 stimulus directions evenly spanning 360 degrees.
However, selective block of tetrodotoxin-resistant sodium channels did reduce the strength of the directional excitatory signal in the SBACs.
The strength of the directional cue provided by the ridges is comparable to that observed in chemotaxis.
Out of all composites fabricated it is found that tensile strength of bi-directional E-glass fiber reinforced composites increases because of interface strength enhancement.
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