If stratospheric effects on the troposphere were shown to exist, this would provide an extremely interesting link in a chain of processes connecting the upper atmosphere to effects on weather and climate, however indirect that connection might be.
However, the HALOE trends are smaller in the lower mesosphere probably be due to a reduction in the stratospheric ozone effect compared to earlier periods (Remsberg [2009]).
In the Nature paper, meteorologist Qiang Fu of the University of Washington, Seattle, and his colleagues offer a way to correct for the stratosphere's effect on the calculated lower atmosphere temperature by using stratospheric MSU measurements and balloon temperature measurements.
Long-term changes of solar UV radiation are a complex combination of various effects, where stratospheric ozone depletion, increase of tropospheric ozone levels and effects of global climate change work together.
The size and scope of a volcanic eruption's effect on stratospheric aerosols largely depends on where the eruption occurs, says Alan Robock, a climatologist at Rutgers University in New Brunswick, New Jersey.
This is the case, e.g., when investigating the effect of stratospheric warming events on the EEJ in satellite data, as such effects are expected to last only a few days (e.g., Park et al. 2012).
The radiative effect of stratospheric ozone depletion was included (which offsets greenhouse warming) when generating these temperature and precipitation scenarios, but the radiative effect of sulfate aerosols was excluded (which also offsets greenhouse warming) because it is difficult to predict in the southern hemisphere.
But John Wallace, an atmospheric scientist at the University of Washington, Seattle, says that Shindell's team has made a good case that changes in the lower atmosphere may have important effects on stratospheric ozone.
In all likelihood, Russia will continue to increase the level of military activity along its NATO borders, as President Vladimir Putin finds taking this approach plays well with his domestic constituency: his approval ratings remain stratospheric, despite the economic effects of U.S. and EU sanctions put in place following the Crimean annexation.
This paper reviews some of the adverse effects of stratospheric ozone depletion and global warming.
