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Above the tropopause and the isothermal layer in the lower stratosphere, temperature increases with height.
Now, a team of astronomers studying WASP-33b, an exoplanet 4.5 times the mass of Jupiter, found that it, too, has a key signal of a stratosphere: temperature inversion.
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The mesospheric cooling (MC) is noticed at 0.1 hPa in MLS observations, and clear anti-correlation is evident between the mesosphere and stratosphere temperatures.
Figure 3a clearly demonstrates that the mesospheric cooling (MC) (at 0.1 hPa) is apparent in anti-correlation with stratosphere temperatures (at 10 hPa), and moderate MC lingers up to ~0.01 hPa.
Within the stratosphere temperatures increase with increasing elevation.
The spring anomaly coincided with the development of a dominant zonal wavenumber 1 disturbance in the mid-stratosphere temperature field that was quasi-stationary in longitude near Davis.
Due to this dissipation, energy and momentum are deposited in the stratosphere which modify the usual wintertime eastward zonal wind and enhance the stratospheric temperature.
Specifically, the stratospheres of Earth-like planets orbiting stars less massive than the Sun will be characterised by lower ozone heating rates and shallower stratospheric temperature increases compared to the Earth.
The growing waves interact with the circulation of the stratosphere and, if their upward propagation becomes blocked, they deposit their energy as heat at stratospheric altitudes, causing major changes in stratospheric temperature and circulation (McIntyre 1982; Limpasuvan et al. 2004).
Holton and Alexander (2000) observed that in the winter, the stratosphere latitudinal temperature gradient is much weaker than the radiative equilibrium gradient.
The main jet streams are located near the altitude of the tropopause, the transition between the troposphere and the stratosphere (where temperature increases with altitude).
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com