Occasional co-infection in wildfowl could generate new strains incorporating Tamiflu-resistant NA genes.
These strains incorporate 4 5 million segregating single nucleotide polymorphisms, 500,000 insertions and deletions, and 55,000 copy number variants (1 kb to 100 kb).
To determine whether ongoing DNA synthesis in the recombination mutant strains could explain our results, we tested whether these strains incorporate EdU, a thymidine analog, into their DNA during stationary phase.
Especially in countries (e.g. Southeast Asia) where waterfowl and humans come in close contact, this could lead to the spread of other strains incorporating the resistance genes and change of host [ 16, 17].
Subsequent analyses revealed that each of these F1 animals was heterozygous for gfp:: pie-1, and each strain incorporated both the gfp coding sequence and the PAM site mutation, as well as the linked K68A and K68R missense mutations.
Several possible causes of this apparent failure have been proposed including significant genetic differences between the circulating DENV-2 genotype and the strain incorporated in the yellow fever chimaeric vaccine, imbalanced viraemias, or immune responses due to interference.
The theoretical treatment includes both the calculation of the CVP (correspondent variant pair) formation strain incorporating the growth of monoclinic phase from the most favorably oriented orthorhombic variant, and the concomitant detwinning of the monoclinic martensite.
